
The following is excerpted from Peter Follansbee’s latest book, “17th-century Essex County Cupboard.”
Making the side-hung drawers is a fun challenge. I don’t do it often enough to have a systematic step-by-step approach; I’ve done it this way and that over the years. First off, the stock I use for the drawers is all radially riven and planed well ahead of time so it’s nice and dry. The drawer sides in particular need to be good, clear stock.
After assembling the case, I take some final passes with a sharp plane to size the drawer fronts to their openings. Three of the drawers have applied mouldings and turnings decorating the fronts. This work can be done once the drawers are assembled. The second drawer has a carved front, and I do that work before assembly. I’ll address the carving separately.
Let’s look at the drawer construction. It might confound some modern sensibilities. Three of the drawers use half-blind dovetails to join the drawer sides to the fronts.

The backs of the drawers are not dovetailed; they’ve got rabbet joints and nails to attach to the ends of the drawer sides – except for the deepest drawer, which has through-dovetails front and back. You could give yourself a headache trying to understand why this particular mix of techniques appears on this cupboard. I don’t even bother. Some of the related cupboards used dovetails in the drawer fronts; most just used nailed rabbets. Which gives you plenty of leeway.

The deep drawer (7-1/4″) has two tails on the drawer sides; the others have only one. The only difference between them, as I noted, is that the large drawer has through-dovetails and the shallower drawers have half-blind joints. I plow the groove in the drawer sides before laying out the dovetails. Then, when I lay out the tails, I arrange them so the groove runs through one. The groove placement needs to agree with the notches in the stiles for the drawer runners. As discussed in the section on framing the lower case, you can make the notches in the frame first or the groove in the drawer sides first. Doesn’t matter. But make them agree – that’s critical. So much has been written about dovetails that I don’t want to add my two cents’ worth. The photos and captions cover what I know.

Assembling the drawer is simple enough. The rabbets are just nailed; out of habit I glued the dovetails in addition to nailing them. I’ve seen some period dovetailed drawers without nails; thus glue is implied. Make sure the nail heads don’t protrude from the drawer side as this could interfere with the drawer’s fit. I often hollow an area with a gouge to sink the nail head in. Nail the joint through the drawer back into the ends of the drawer sides, again with reamed pilot holes. After assembling the drawer, make two saw cuts to open up the groove through the drawer’s ends. Then knock out the waste with a chisel and mallet. It doesn’t have to be your neatest work; it just has to allow the drawer to slide along the runner.
Drawer Bottoms
Seventeenth-century drawer bottoms appear in several configurations. Hardwood, softwood, riven, sawn – I’ve seen them all. Some run lengthwise, some front to back. I like to make drawer bottoms from white pine boards running front to back. This can be a good use for short bits of wood. In this particular case, though, they are all riven oak, a bit less than 1/2″ thick. The log I had on hand yielded boards 6″ to 9″ wide, so there are about five or six boards per drawer. They butt up against each other with the same V-shaped joint used in the cupboard’s floorboards and soffit.

My drawer bottoms are finished on one face and rough-planed to thickness. I start each drawer by installing the outer boards at each end. These need one edge and the front end square. The inner edge doesn’t need to be parallel to the outer edge. Then flip the drawer upside down on the bench, lay the bottom in place in the rabbet and flush with the drawer side. Then, scribe the bit hanging over past the drawer’s back to get its finished length. Trim that length and joint the second edge. The same steps for making the V-groove in the soffit and floorboards apply here. Nail the drawer bottoms up to the drawer sides and back, and into a rabbet in the drawer front. The drawers use up a lot of nails, depending on how many boards make up the bottoms.







