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CXXXIV. In this quarter is set three other Instruments necessary in Joyners Work. The first is a Joyners square of another form than what is mentioned chap. 9. numb. 15. It is made of two adjunct sides of a Geometrical square; that is two pieces of Wood, the one about an Inch thick, the other a quarter of an Inch, the one is fastned into the other with a Mortess with Glew and Wooden Pins, so as the two out-sides and the two inner sides stand at Right Angles one with another.

B. a Cheveron between 3 such O. is born by Richten.

The second in the Sinister chief, is called the Joyners Bench Hook, or the Work-Bench Hook, which is an Iron with a long Tang to go through a hole in the Bench, and a flat half round head, with Teeth on the streight side, to hold any thing that should be be set against it: So that in it there is the foresaid parts, Viz. the Tang or tail, the Head or flat, and the Teeth, and all but one Bench Hook.

The third thing that is placed in the Base, is termed a Smoothing Plain, one of a contrary fashion to that following in chap 9. numb. 21. this having a more flatter bottom and turned down in the ends, each Workman using his own fancy in the fashion of the Stocks.

— From Randle Holme’s “The Academy of Armory, or, A Storehouse of Armory and Blazon” Book III, Chapter VIII, Plate 2.

The Plain Stock.

The Sole of Iron.

The Plow Staves.

The Mortesses.

The Shoulders.

The Fence, is that as sets the Plow at his distance from the Iron plate of the Plow that you intend the Groove shall be off the edge of the Board in which you intend to made it.

The second in this square, is termed a Joynter, which of some is made after this manner, contrary to that described chap. 9. numb. 19. but all the difference is in the Tote or Handle, which every Workman maketh according to his own Fancy, all other parts in the stock agreeing.

The Strike Block, is a Plain shorter than the Joynter, having its sole made exactly flat and straight, and is used for the shooting of a short Joynt, because it is more handy than the long Joynter: It hath neither Handle or Tote on it, but like the Smoothing Plain, in numb. 134.

CXXXIII. He beareth Argent, a Pit Saw in a Frame, Azure: This kind of Pit-Saw with a Frame, is not is use with us, but in the Up Countreys, it is altogether made use of, but for what fancy I judg not, but think it much easier and better without it. This is born thus by the name of Sawyers, or Sawers. See more of this kind of saw chap. 9 numb. 2.

— From Randle Holme’s “The Academy of Armory, or, A Storehouse of Armory and Blazon” Book III, Chapter VIII, Plate 2.

10. We come now to Joynery, which is an Art Manual, whereby several pieces of Wood are so fitted and joined together by straight lines, squares, Miters, or any Bevile Line, that they do seem one intire piece.

CXXXI. He beareth Sable, a semi-circle, with its Line and Plummet set upon a Standard, Or. This is an Instrument by which true Levels are takes, as also Heights and Distances; the semi-circle is generally made of Brass, being divided into 90 equal parts from the line of Level, to each side where the sight holes are fixed. The Standard is made of Wood, being three feet, which are so framed in the head, that they may be set wider or closer together, according as the place requireth.

CXXXII. In the chief, or front of this square, is placed one of the Joyners working Plains, called a Plow, which is a narrow Rabbet-Plain with some additions to it, viz. two square staves, let stiff through two square Mortesses in the Stock, which are about 7 or 8 inches long, and stand straight and square on the further side of the Stock, which have shoulders on the out-side of the Stock reaching down to the Wooden sole of the Plain, to the Wooden sole there is added an Iron sole of the thickness of the Plow Iron. The Plow is to make a narrow square Groove on the edge of a Board or Rail.

— From Randle Holme’s “The Academy of Armory, or, A Storehouse of Armory and Blazon” Book III, Chapter VIII, Plate 2.